Authors

 

Vesna Krstović Spremo¹, Sanja Marić<sup>2

1,2</sup>Univerzitet u Istočnom Sarajevu, Medicinski fakultet Foča, Republika Srpska, BiH

 

UDK: 331.101.6:616-036.1
613-056.24:616-036.1

The paper was received / Rad primljen: 20.06.2022.

Accepted / Rad prihvaćen: 30.06.2022.

 

Correspondence to:

Vesna Krstović Spremo
Univerzitet u Istočnom Sarajevu
Katedra za primarnu zdravstvenu zaštitu i javno zdravstvo
Medicinski fakultet Foča
Republika Srpska, Bosna i Hercegovina
Studentska 5, 73300 Foča
Mob.: + 387 65 921 670
Fax.: + 387 58 210 007
e-mail: vesnakspremo@gmail.com

 

 

Sažetak

 

 

Uvod: Hronične, masovne, nezarazne bolesti predstavljaju veliki javno-zdravstveni problem koji u današnjim uslovima direktno utiče na zdravlje populacije, ekonomsku moć društva, kao i na kvalitet života oboljelih. Vodeće bolesti iz ove grupe su dijabetes melitus i arterijska hipertenzija, pa ih Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija (SZO) često definiše kao „tihe ubice“ koje su vodeći uzrok invalidnosti i mortaliteta u svijetu, a njihov uticaj na radnu sposobnost svakog pojedinca ima uticaj na individualnom i društvenom nivou. Cilj rada je da se analizira uticaj dijabetesa i hipertenzije na svkodnevne aktivnosti oboljelih osoba, njihovu radnu sposobnost i kvalitet života. Metode rada: Istraživanje je obavljeno po tipu studije presjeka od marta 2019. god. do oktobra 2019 godine na randomizovanom uzorku od 50 oboljelih od dijabetes melitusa iz dva Doma zdravlja u Istočnom Sarajevu, a 100 ispitanika oboljela od hipertenzije su predstavljali kontrolnu grupu. Istraživanje je obavljeno u 10 timova porodične medicine. Poseban kriterij za uvrštavanje u istraživanje je bio da ispitanici nisu stariji od 65 godina. Instrument istraživanja je bio opšti upitnik, kao i upitnik SZO SF-36 o kvalitetu života, a statistička obrada podataka je rađena u programu SPSS v.19. Značajnost razlike je testirana χ2 testom. Rezultati istraživanja. Uzorak ispitanika sa dijabetesom je činilo 46% muškaraca i 54% žena, a u grupi ispitanika sa hipertenzijom 53% su bili pripadnici muškog pola, a 47% su bile žene. Maksimalna starost kod obje grupe je bila 65 godina, dok je minimalna starost u grupi ispitanika sa dijebetesom iznosila 36 godina, a kod ispitanika sa hipertenzijom je iznosila 35 godina. Prema postojanju gojaznosti među ispitanicima u obje grupe nije nađena statistički značajna razlika (χ2 =14,3, p=0,012). Nije nađena statistički značajna razlika u vrijednosti holesterola u grupi ispitanika sa dijabetesom i hipertenzijom (χ2 = 0.588, p=0.443), a i prema godinama pušenja ispitanici se međusobno ne razlikuju (χ2=1.213, p =0.271). U odnosu na postojanje radne invalidnosti ispitanici sa dijabetesom su češće invalidi rada u odnosu na ispitanike sa hipertenzijom i ta razlika je visoko statistički značajna (χ2 =32.035, p < 0,001). Ispitanici sa dijabetesom su prema subjektivnoj percepciji, vlastiti kvalitet života u mnogo većem procentu od ispitanika sa hipertenzijom ocjenili kao loš i ta razlika je statistički visoko značajna (χ2 =20.076, p < 0,001). Ispitanici sa dijabetesom imaju mnogo veća ograničenja u obavljanju svakodnevnih umjereno napornih aktivnosti od ispitanika sa hipertenzijom. Razlika je statistički visoko značajna (χ2 =24,719, p < 0,001). Zaključak: Dijabetes i hipertenzija kao hronične, masovne bolesti imaju značajan uticaj na obavljanje svakodnevnih aktivnosti oboljelih, njihov kvalitet života i pojavu radne invalidnosti.

 

 

 

Ključne riječi:

dijabetes, hipertenzija, kvalitet života, radna invalidnost.

 

 

 

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic, massive, non-communicable diseases represent a major public health problem, which in today's conditions directly affects the health of the population, the economic power of society, as well as the quality of life of the patients. The leading diseases from this group are diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension, so the World Health Organization (WHO) often defines as „silent killers“ that are the leading cause of disability and mortality in the world, and their impact on the working ability of each individual has an impact on the individual and societal level. The aim of the work was to analyze the impact of diabetes and hypertension on the daily activities of the affected persons, their work ability and quality of life. Methods: The research was carried out as a cross-sectional study from March 2019. until October 2019 on a randomized sample of 50 patients with diabetes mellitus from two health centers in East Sarajevo, and 100 subjects with hypertension were the control group. The research was carried out in 10 family medicine teams. A special criterion for inclusion in the research was that respondents are not older than 65 years. The research instrument was a general questionnaire, as well as the WHO SF-36 questionnaire on quality of life, and statistical data processing was done in the SPSS v.19 program. The significance of the difference was tested with the χ2 test. Research results: The sample of subjects with diabetes consisted of 46% men and 54% women, and in the group of subjects with hypertension, 53% were male and 47% were female. The maximum age in both groups was 65 years, while the minimum age in the group of subjects with diabetes was 36 years, and in subjects with hypertension it was 35 years. According to the existence of obesity among the respondents in both groups, no statistically significant difference was found. (χ2 = 14.3, p = 0.012). No statistically significant difference was found in cholesterol values ​​in the group of subjects with diabetes and hypertension (χ2 = 0.588, p =0.443), and according to the years of smoking, the respondents do not differ from each other (χ2 =1.213, p =0.271). In relation to the existence of work disability, subjects with diabetes are more often disabled than subjects with hypertension, and this difference is highly statistically significant (χ2 =32.035, p < 0.001). Subjects with diabetes rated their own quality of life as poor in a much higher percentage than subjects with hypertension, and this difference is statistically highly significant (χ2 = 20.076, p < 0.001). Subjects with diabetes have much greater limitations in performing daily activities. moderately strenuous activities than subjects with hypertension. The difference is statistically highly significant (χ2 =24.719, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Diabetes and hypertension as chronic, mass diseases have a significant impact on the daily activities of the patients, their quality of life and the occurrence of work disability.

 

 

Key words:

diabetes, hypertension, quality of life, work disability.

 

 

 

 

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PDFSpremo Krstović V. and Marić S. MD-Medical Data 2022;14(1-2): 045-050