md-medicaldata

Authors

 

Snežana Panić¹, Marijana Srećković^1,2, Kosta Panić³, Igor Dragičević<sup>1,4

1</sup>Zavod za javno zdravlje Šabac, Srbija
²Medicinski fakultet, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Srbija
³Univerzitet „Union-Nikola Teslaˮ, Beograd, Srbija
⁴Fakultet zdravstvenih nauka, Evropski univerzitet „Kallos” Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina

 

UDK: 613.25-053.2

The paper was received / Rad primljen: 19.11.2020.

Accepted / Rad prihvaćen: 09.12.2020.

 

Correspondence to:

Dr Marijana Srećković
Zavod za javno zdravlje Šabac
Jovana Cvijić br.1, 15 000 Šabac, Srbija
kontakt telefon: 063-836-98-98
e-mail: drsreckovicmaja@gmail.com

 

 

Sažetak

Tokom proteklih decenija nezdrave prehrambene navike i gojaznost dece su se brzo povećale. Problem prekomerne telesne mase (PTM) i gojaznosti dostigli su razmere epidemije na globalnom nivou, a razvijene i zemlje u razvoju su ozbiljno pogođene. Ova studija preseka, izvedena je sa decom uzrasta od 10-15 godina. Izmerena je visina i težina i izračunat je indeks telesne mase (ITM) z-skor za svako dete. Podaci ličnosti, starosti, ishrane i fizičke aktivnosti prikupljeni su za deskriptivnu i korelacionu analizu. Studiju je odobrio Dom zdravlja u Šapcu, a pismeni informisani pristanak dobijen je od svakog roditelja. Značaj razlika definisan je kao p<0,05. Gojaznost je zabeležena kod 12,2%, dok je 20,3% imalo PTM, 8,5% nedovoljnu TM, a 59% normalnu TM. Pronašli smo pozitivnu korelaciju između gojaznosti dece i konzumiranja više obroka dnevno. Povećanje indeksa telesne mase značajno je povezano sa dnevnom konzumacijom voća. Unos mleka i mlečnih proizvoda značajno je povezan sa višim z-rezultatom ITM (ρ=0,243; p=0,04). Dnevni unos mesa bio je povezan sa prekomernom težinom/gojaznošću kod školaraca i adolescenata (ρ=0,315; p=0,01), dok je konzumacija povrća imala protektivni efekat u prevenciji gojaznosti (ρ=-0,321; p=0,02). Gojaznost dece nije bila značajno i pozitivno povezana sa dnevnim korišćenja interneta, prosečnim vremenom provedenim u gledanju televizije i vremenom bavljenja sportom. Da bi se sprečila gojaznost dece potrebno je školama ponuditi mogućnosti za promociju zdravih načina ishrane i fizičke aktivnosti dece. Univerzalnost školskog okruženja za dobijanje pristupa deci čini ga izuzetno relevantnim za globalne napore u borbi protiv sve većih javnozdravstvenih problema u ishrani dece.

Ključne reči:

gojaznost, indeks telesne mase z-skor, prehrambene navike, deca školskog uzrasta

 

Abstract

Over the past decades, children's unhealthy dietary habits and obesity have increased rapidly. The problem of overweight and obesity have reached epidemic proportions globally, and both developed and developing countries are seriously affected. This cross-sectional, school-based study was performed with children aged 10-15 years. Height and weight were measured, and a BMI z-score was calculated for each child. Personal, age, nutrition and physical activity data were collected for the descriptive and corelation analyses. The study was approved by Primary health center in Šabac, and written informed consent was obtained from each parent. The significance of differences was defined as p<0.05. Obesity was recorded in 12.2%, while 20.3%, 8.5% and 59% were overweight, underweight and of normal weight, respectively. We found a positive correlation between the children's obesity and consumed more meals a day. Increase of body mass index was significantly correlated to the daily fruit consumption. Milk and dairy products intake were significantly associated with higher BMI z-score (ρ=0.243, p=0.04). Daily meat intake was associated with overweight/obesity in schoolchildren and adolescents (ρ=0.315; p=0.01), while vegetable consumption exhibited a protective effect (ρ=-0.321, p=0.02). The children's obesity was not significantly and positively related to daily duration of internet use, average time spent watching TV and the time of engagement in sports. In order to prevent childhood obesity it is necessary to offer schools opportunities to promote healthy dietary and physical activity patterns for children. The universality of the school setting for gaining access to children makes it highly relevant to global efforts to combat the increasing public-health problems of the children's nutrition.

Key words:

obesity, BMI z-score, dietary habits, schoolchildren

 

 

 

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