md-medicaldata

Authors

 

Dušanka Stanić¹, Bojan Batinić¹, Marin Jukić¹, Vesna Pešić<sup>1

1</sup>Katedra za fiziologiju, Farmaceutski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu / Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade

 

UDK: 615.357:577.175.3
616.89-085

The paper was received / Rad primljen: 26.08.2020.

Accepted / Rad prihvaćen: 28.08.2020.

 

Correspondence to:

Dušanka Stanić
Katedra za fiziologiju, Farmaceutski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu/
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade
Vojvode Stepe 450, 11 221 Beograd
Tel: +381 63 361 774
e-mail: dstanic@pharmacy.bg.ac.rs

 

 

Sažetak

 

Poremećaji raspoloženja se smatraju jednim od najvećih zdravstvenih problema današnjice, zbog njihove visoke prevalence, hroničnog toka bolesti, kao i značajnog negativnog uticaja koji imaju na sam kvalitet života pojedinca. Postojeći tretmani ovih bolesti često nisu efikasni, ne obezbeđuju potpunu remisiju simptoma, niti mogu sprečiti pojavu relapsa. Ni jedan novi lek već dugo nije uveden u terapiju poremećaja raspoloženja, što jasno ukazuje na potrebu za pronalaženjem neke dodatne terapije navedenih poremećaja, koja će povećati stopu pozitivnog odgovora pacijenata na terapiju prvog izbora i omogućiti bolju kontrolu simptoma bolesti. Oksitocin je hormone peptidne strukture, uglavnom najbolje poznat po svojim efektima nakon traktilnost uterusailaktaciju. Danas je jako dobro poznato da su receptori za oksitocin široko rasprostranjeni i u mozgu, tačnije u regionima uključenim u regulaciju reproduktivnog i majčinskog ponašanja, učenja i pamćenja, kao i u delovima mozga koji učestvuju u regulaciji odgovora organizma na stress i kontroli anksioznosti. Navedena saznanja postavila su temelje značajno obimnijih istraživanja koja su podrazumevala ispitivanje uticaja oksitocina na centralni nervni sistem, pre svega na ponašanje.
Ovaj rad obuhvata dosadašnje znanje o uticaju oksitocina na aktivnost osovine hipotalamus-hipofiza-nadbubrežna žlezda, socijalno i emocionalno ponašanje, kao i o ulozi koju ovaj hormone ima u modulaciji ponašanja, kako iz studija na životinjama, tako i iz studija na humanoj populaciji. Takođe, rad pruža naučno potvrđene kliničke implikacije koje dovode u razmatranjeu potrebu oksitocina kao dodatne terapije u tretmanu velikog broja psihijatrijskih poremećaja koje karakteriše prisustvo socijalne i emocionalne disfunkcije, kao što su anksiozni i depresivni poremećaji, post-traumatski stresni sindrom, autizam, šizofrenija i zavisnost. Međutim, sve ove studije još uvek su na samom početku, i veliki broj pitanja i dalje zahteva odgovore kako bi tretman oksitocinom kod navedenih poremećaja bio ne samo efikasan, već i bezbedan.

 

 

 

Ključne reči:

oksitocin, psihijatrijski poremećaji, dodatna terapija, osovina hipotalamus-hipofiza-nadbubrežna žlezda

 

 

Abstract

 

Mood disorders are considered as one of the biggest health problems nowadays, because of their high prevalence, chronic course of illness and significant negative impact on life quality. Conventional treatments are often ineffective, cannot ensure full remission of symptoms nor prevent relapses. In the therapy of mood disorders a new drug has not been introduced for a long period of time, which clearly indicates the urge for finding some additional therapy that would improve patient response to the first line treatment, and ensure better control of the symptoms. Oxytocin is a nonapeptide hormone mostly known by its effects on uterine contractions and lactation. Today, it is well known that oxytocin receptors are widely distributed in the brain regions involved in regulation of reproduction, maternal behavior, learning and memory, as well as stress response and anxiety. Those findings laid the groundwork for significantly larger body of research that involved investigations of oxytocin effects in the central nervous system, especially on behaviour.
This paper summarizes "up to date" knowledge about oxytocin effects on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis activity, social and emotional behaviour, as well as its role in the modulation of behaviour from both, animal and human studies. It also provides scientifically proven clinical implications about considering oxytocin as additional therapy in the treatment of a large number of psychiatric disorders characterized by social and emotional dysfunction such as anxiety disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress syndrome, autism, schizophrenia and addiction. However those studies are still at their early beginning, and various issues need to be solved in order to establish oxytocin as effective and safe treatment option.

 

 

Key words:

Oxytocin, Psychiatric disorders, Additional therapy, Hypothalamic-pituitary-Adrenal axis

 

 

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