md-medicaldata

Authors

 

Ema Mladićević¹, Snežana Đorđević², Vesna Matović³, Zorica Bulat³, Predrag Vukomanović⁴, Vesna Kilibarda², Slavica Vučinić^2
1"Zastava", zavod za zdravstvenu zaštitu radnika Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Srbija
²Centar za kontrolu trovanja, Vojnomedicinska akademija, Beograd, Srbija
³Katedra za toksikologiju ''Akademik Danilo Soldatović'' Univerzitet u Beogradu, Farmaceutski fakultet, Beograd, Srbija
⁴ZUA "Lekovita" Mladenovac

 

• Rad je primljen 07.09.2016. Prihvaćen 12.09.2016.

 

Correspondence to:
Ema Mladićević
"Zastava", zavod za zdravstvenu zaštitu radnika Kragujevac,
Kragujevac, Srbija
mladicevic.ema@gmail.com
mob.tel. 064-2388-107

 

Abstract

 

Due of its stimulatory effect, the abuse of cocaine is widespread throughout the world. Cocaine is frequently used in combination with otherpsychoactive controlled substances, primarily with alcoholic beverages.Ethanol alters the hepatic biotransformation of cocaine, favoring  transesterification to an active metabolite, cocaethylene, and thus resulting in prolonged euphoric cocaine effects but also in increased risk of cardiovascular complications and lethality. Determination of cocaine, its metabolites and cocaethylene in biological material is significant for forensic toxicology as well as clinical management and treatment of acutely poisoned. Due to the rapid metabolism of cocaine in the body, urine is the specimen of choice for toxicological analysis. This paper presents a method of liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry for determination of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester and cocaethylene in urine samples. Separation of investigated componds from the matrix was achieved by reversed-phase chromatography on a C18 column, with a mobile phase acetonitrile-formate buffer (70:30 V / V), at a flow rate 0.3 ml / min. The analytical run was 22 minutes. Described method was proven to be rapid, precise, accurate and simple, and was applied for the determinationof tested compounds in the urine of patients from the Department of Emergency Toxicology, Military Medical Academy.

 

Key words

Cocaine, Cocaethylene, LC-MS method, urine,determination

 

 

References

 

1. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), World drug report: Austria, Vienna, (2015).
2. Denić K, Rusić B, Đorđević S, Lukić V, KilibardaV, Perković-Vukčević N, JovićStošić J, Gasnahromatografijasamasenomspektrometrijomkaoskriningmetoda u detekcijikokaetilenanakonzloupotrebekokaina i etanola, MD Medical Data 2013; 5(2): 163-166
3. Gorelick D, Cocaine use disorder in adults: Epidemiology, pharmacology, clinical manifestations, medical consequences, and diagnosis, 2015, Official reprint from UpToDate,www.uptodate.com.
4. Costa J. L., Gustavo Tonin F., Zanolli A., Aparecida da MattaChasinA.,.Franco Maggi TavaresM., Simple method for determination of cocaine and main metabolites in urine by CE coupled to GC, Electrophoresis, 2009, 30(12): 2238–2244.
5. ReidMS, .FlamminoF, HowardB., Nilsen D., Prichep LS., Topographic imaging of quantitative EEG in response to smoked cocaine selfadministration in humans. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2006; 31:872.
6. Harris D, Everhart T, Mendelson J, Jones R, The pharmacology of cocaethylene in humans following cocaine and ethanol administration, Drug and Alcohol Depend, 2003; 72: 169–1826.
7. Cocaethylene:Responding to combined alcohol and cocaine use,2010, AERC Alcohol Academy briefing paper 004
8. MoffatA. C, OsseltonM D.,.WiddopB, WattsJ., Clarke’s Analysis of Drugs and Poisons in pharmaceuticals, body fluids and postmortem material, Fourth edition, 2011, Pharmaceutical Press
9. FettiplaceM. R,PichurkoA., Ripper R., Kowal K., Schwartz D., Feinstein D.L.,
10. Weinberg G., Cardiac Depression Induced by Cocaine orCocaethylene Is Alleviated by Lipid EmulsionMore Effectively Than by Sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin, Academ. Emerg.Med, 2015; 22:508–517.
11. European Workplace Drug Testing Society, European Guidelines for Workplace Drug Testing in Urine, 2015.
12. Snozek CL, Bjergum MW, Langman LJ, Cocaine and metabolites by LC-MS/MS., Methods MolBiol, 2012;902:91-103.

UDK: 612.461:615.212.7
615.212.7:543.422.3
COBISS.SR-ID 226165004

PDF Mladićević E. et al. • MD-Medical Data 2016;8(3): 173-178